Genesis 4:6-7 “And the Lord said unto Cain, “Why art thou wroth? and why is thy countenance fallen? If thou doest well, shalt thou not be accepted? and if thou doest not well, sin lieth at the door. And unto thee shall be his desire, and thou shalt rule over him.”
I have never done a word study via blog so bear with me… I have highlighted the words I want to look at. I like using the Ancient Hebrew Lexicon because it gives you a deeper, more concrete understanding of abstract words. If you didn’t already know, the Ancient Hebrews used pictograms for their letterings much like Egyptian hieroglyphics.
- well: The pictograms here are a basket and a tent or house. The literal meaning being “surround the house.” The house is surrounded by grace, beauty, love, health & prosperity, something functional. To function properly.
- accepted: The action here is “to lift”, the concrete definition is “height.”
- sin: The action is “to measure”, concretely it means “cord”, and the abstract definition is “to miss”. When shooting an arrow or other object to a target, the distance that one misses is measured with a cord. The wrong actions of one are measured against the correct action. So literally sin is missing the mark.
- lieth: The action is “to lay”, to lie down to rest
- desire: This word has to do with the riverbeds becoming full of water, overflowing into the surrounding land. So to this kind of desire has to do with running after or running over and implies a movement toward the thing wanted, it is wholly based on the seeker’s action.
- rule: (I love this one!) The action is “to rule” and abstractly it means dominion, as in the dominion one rules over. Also the comparison of things as a rule of measurement. [We get the english word “marshal” from this hebrew word] This is often used as a proverb or parable, to compare one thing to another in the sense of a rule or measurement.
God is saying to Cain: “if you function properly your countenance would not fall and you will be uplifted. If not, “missing the mark” is laying in wait bursting with anticipated victory; you must measure yourself against it and not be found wanting.”
What does it mean to function properly?
Take a dixie cup. It’s a waxy paper cup made for water at the water cooler. A dixie cup could not function properly if used as a coffee cup. One would find themselves disappointed with the results when the wax melts and hot coffee seeps out the bottom and side seams. A dixie cup would make a very poor coffee cup.
Take a hammer. One side of the head is made for pounding nails into wood, the other side of the head is made for taking them out. A hammer would not function properly if used as a screw driver it is simply not made for it!
Function properly. I am in love with this idea of functioning properly!
In what way was Cain not “functioning properly?” Let’s look a few verses earlier:
Genesis 4:3-5
“And in process of time it came to pass, that Cain brought of the fruit of the ground an offering unto the Lord. 4 And Abel, he also brought of the firstlings of his flock and of the fat thereof. And the Lord had respect unto Abel and to his offering: 5 But unto Cain and to his offering he had not respect. And Cain was very wroth, and his countenance fell.”
- respect: to gaze at or about (properly for help); by implication to inspect, consider, compassionate, be non plussed (as looking around in amazement)
The Ancient Hebrew Lexicon further describes: The shepherd inspects and watches over the flock with compassion and protection. Also to look with respect.
- wroth: vehemence, anger, impetuous force; violence fury.
So you have the brothers bringing an offering to the Lord, then you have God respecting Abel’s offering and not respecting Cain’s. Cain’s response was an all out head-down-huffing-and-puffing tantrum. God’s answer to Cain’s response was instruction, “if you do well.” Or as we have learned by the definition, “if you function properly, your countenance would not fall and you will be uplifted.”
We can find out what functioning properly meant for Cain by investigating who he was and what he was made for. First, Cain was a man. Secondly, Cain was the firstborn of Adam and Eve. Thirdly, Cain was Abel’s brother. When God tells Cain that he isn’t functioning properly, I don’t believe He is referring to the offering Cain brought. I believe He is referring to functioning properly as a man, a firstborn, and a brother. Cain didn’t function properly in ANY of those roles!
CAIN THE MAN
Ecclesiastes 12:13 “Let us hear the conclusion of the whole matter: Fear God, and keep His commandments: for this is the whole duty of man.”
- fear: The pictograms are a man’s head and a hand. The action is to throw and the abstract definition is fear. As in “awe or fear where one throws self to the foot of one in authority. “ *important to note that this fear has everything to do with whose authority you are willingly subjecting yourself to.
- keep: The action of this word is “to guard,” concretely it means “briar,” and the abstract meaning is “custody.” A close watching of something for guarding or protecting. Shepherds constructed corrals of briers at night to protect the flock from predators.
- commandments: This word is one of the few that don’t have any nuggets hidden within the definition, it means simply what it says.
- duty: I am so excited about this word because I found that it is one of those places where they have placed a group of words or a phrase to translate one word. “For this is the whole duty of man,” is really simply the word “man.”
Mathematically it would be:
(One who throw’s self at the foot of God) + (preserves or guards God’s commands) = MAN
Let’s look at this verse like we have looked up the word “man” in the most complete dictionary ever written:
Man: One who throw’s self at the foot of the God and preserves or guards His commands.
A properly functioning man is one who has bowed self in reverence to God and keeps His commands. Had Cain been properly functioning as a man, he would have regarded God’s opinion above his own. Cain’s reverential preference for God’s judgement would have naturally produced in Cain a regard for Abel’s offering. Instead, Cain placed his own judgement above God’s and threw a fit in disagreement.
CAIN THE FIRSTBORN
Exodus 13::2 “Sanctify unto Me all the first born, whatsoever openeth the womb among the children of Israel, both of man and of beast: it is Mine.”
This verse is telling us something of the character of God, He really likes the first born. God holds the first born as His own. (Perhaps Abel saw the special affinity God had for Cain, as the first born; and, perhaps that was what provoked him to offer the first born of his flock.)
What does it look like when someone belongs to another?
My daughter loves hand-me-downs. Without knowing who their previous owners were she can smell them and tell whose house they came from. She can look at the style and tell who would’ve worn them and ninety-nine percent of the time she is right. This is an example of what it means to belong to someone. Similarly, we all have known a friend; who, when upon a deeper intimacy with another friend, begins to take on their mannerisms. How about a child who shares the same facial expressions as their mother or father? The same food likes and dislikes? This is what it means to belong to someone! We look like them, we smell like them, we act like them, we share the same likes and dislikes as them. In essence, be become a reflection of them.
As firstborn, Cain was supposed to be a reflection of God. As a properly functioning first born he would’ve seen the value in first fruits because he would have shared God’s affinity for them. A properly functioning first born would have offered the first of his crops, and had regard for any offering of first fruits knowing and sharing God’s preference for them.
CAIN THE BROTHER
Genesis 4:2 “And she again bare his brother Abel. And Abel was a keeper of sheep, but Cain was a tiller of the ground.”
- brother: (the Ancient Hebrew gives this beautiful description) The action of the word is “to protect”, concretely it means “hearth” and the abstract definition is “brotherhood.” The pictograms used are the ox head meaning strength or authority; and, a wall. Together they mean “strong wall”. In Hebrew thought, a wall is more than a vertical barrier but anything that separates or divides. The hearth around the fire protected the house from the heat and embers of the fire. A brother is one who stands between the enemy and the family, a protector.
Cain was Abel’s brother. His brother. Cain was supposed to be the one standing between the enemy and Abel, protecting him from the enemy. This was perhaps his greatest failure for nestled within it are the other two elements of who Cain was made to be. As Abel’s brother, from the security of his position as first born, and fulfilling his duty as a man he should have had a great desire for Abel to succeed in an equally intimate fellowship with the Almighty. As a properly functioning brother, Cain ought to have been the one standing between the enemy and his brother, not the conduit by which the enemy would work. Had Cain been properly functioning in his role as brother he would have stayed away from Abel until he had dealt with his own rebellious heart.
I believe God loved Cain. I believe God created Cain with the same precision and care that He created Adam, Eve, and Abel. I believe God desired a depth of fellowship with Cain. I believe God wanted to see Cain succeed at being everything he was created to be. God cared enough to look through the unlovely attitude Cain exhibited and lovingly instruct him. Had Cain shared his heart with God, enquiring of Him and beseeching Him to set his feet to righteousness, God would have heard his prayer; just as He heard Jesus in Gethsemane, and Abel would have lived to a ripe old age. God tried to warn Cain that sin wanted to have it’s way with him but Cain was too puffed up to be teachable. He had already bought the lie and abdicated all three of his roles at once, ultimately despising every function for which God had made him as he stated, “Am I my brother’s keeper?” TRAGIC.
From the first moment that I ever heard the account of Cain and Abel I always thought it was a story about how God loved and favored one brother over the other. I resisted a deeper look into that portion of scripture desperately wishing that I had equal rights to the depths of Father-Son intimacy I witnessed in others. What I have learnt is that while I always saw myself as I saw Cain; unlovely, rejected and unworthy, God has seen me as He saw Cain; accepted and worthy of His time, care, attention, and personal instruction. Oh, yes, and beloved! SDG tj
Ephesians 3:20-21 “Now unto Him that is able to do exceeding abundantly above all that we ask or think according to the power that worketh in us, Unto Him be glory in the church by Christ Jesus throughout all ages, world without end. Amen.








